When children need their upper jaw widened through orthodontic treatment, timing can make a big difference in the results. A study from researchers at the University of Florence and University of Michigan gives us important insights about the best age for this common procedure, called rapid maxillary expansion (RME). Read it here: https://doi.org/10.1043/0003-3219(2001)071<0343:TTFRME>2.0.CO;2
What Did the Researchers Study?
The research team followed 42 patients who received RME treatment using a special dental appliance called a Haas expander. What makes this study special is that they tracked these patients for about 9 years after treatment to see the long-term effects. They compared patients who got treatment before their major growth spurt with those who received treatment during or after it.
The Early Treatment Group: Before Growth Spurt Children who received treatment before their major growth spurt (typically before age 12-13) showed the best results. Their treatment led to:
Wider jaw bones that stayed stable over time
Better expansion of the nasal cavity
Improved symmetry in the face structure
Changes that affected not just the teeth, but the entire facial structure
The Later Treatment Group: During or After Growth Spurt Patients treated later still saw improvements, but they were different:
Their teeth moved successfully to new positions
The actual jaw bone showed less permanent change
Most changes were dental rather than skeletal (bone structure)
Why Does Timing Matter?
The reason for these differences is actually quite simple. Before puberty, the two halves of the upper jaw aren't firmly connected yet. Think of it like clay that hasn't completely hardened - it's easier to shape. After puberty, these bones become more rigidly connected, making it harder to achieve lasting structural changes.
What Does This Mean for Parents?
If your child might need their upper jaw expanded, consider having them evaluated by an orthodontist before they hit their major growth spurt. While treatment can still be effective later, getting it done earlier might give better long-term results.
Important Things to Remember
Early treatment (before age 11-12) generally gives better skeletal results
Later treatment has more dental than skeletal effects
Every child is different, so timing recommendations may vary
Always consult with an orthodontist for personalised advice
The Bottom Line
While palatal expansion can work at any age, the research shows that earlier treatment - before the pubertal growth spurt - tends to create more stable and comprehensive improvements in facial structure. However, the right timing for your child should always be determined through consultation with an orthodontic professional who can evaluate their specific needs.
Dr Sven
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